What is woodlouse spider?

Woodlouse Spider

The woodlouse spider, scientifically known as Dysdera crocata, is a fascinating arachnid specializing in hunting woodlice (also known as pillbugs or sowbugs). These spiders are easily identifiable by their distinctive reddish-brown cephalothorax and legs, coupled with a pale, creamy abdomen.

• Appearance: They have a relatively large size compared to other common house spiders, typically reaching lengths of 11-15 mm. The prominent, elongated fangs (chelicerae) are another key identifying feature, perfectly adapted for piercing the tough exoskeletons of their prey.

• Habitat: Woodlouse spiders are commonly found in damp, dark environments where woodlice thrive. This includes under rocks, logs, leaf litter, and in basements or other areas with high humidity. They are distributed widely across Europe and North America, often considered cosmopolitan due to their adaptability.

• Diet: As their name suggests, their primary food source is woodlice. Their strong fangs are necessary to penetrate the armor of these crustaceans.

• Behavior: They are nocturnal hunters, actively searching for woodlice under cover of darkness. While they possess venom, their bite is not considered medically significant to humans, typically resulting in only minor and temporary discomfort.

• Reproduction: Female woodlouse spiders lay their eggs in silken sacs, which they guard until the spiderlings hatch.

• Bite: Although they can bite, they aren't aggressive and only bite when threatened. The bite is described as a sharp pinch.